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気象データの解読

●風・気温・気圧

 　風向・風速｜ 気温/露点｜ 凍結高度｜ 高度計規正｜ 気圧変化傾向
●天気現象

 　天気略号｜ 天気現象
●雲・シーリング(雲底高度)

 　雲｜ 雲高｜ 雲量・シーリング
●視程

 　視程｜ 地上視程｜ 滑走路視距離｜ 視程障害現象
●レーダーエコー

 　エコーの位置｜ 帯域｜ トレンド｜ 移動方向・速度｜ トップ｜ 天気現象


風向・風速

表　記 読みと意味
00000KT Wind Calm.
26012KT Wind Two six zero at One two.
29012KT 260V320 Wind Two niner zero at One two Wind Variable between Two six zero and Three two zero.
30008KT Wind Three zero zero at Eight.
36012G20KT Wind Three six zero at One two Gusts Two zero.
VRB04KT Wind Variable at Four.
PK WND 33048/22 Peak Wind Three three zero at Four eight Occurred at Two two past the hour.
WSHFT 30 Wind Shifted at Three zero.


気温/露点

表　記 読みと意味
02/M01 Temperature Two, Dew point Minus One.
04/02 Temperature Four, Dew point Two.
18/13 Temperature One eight, Dew point One three.


凍結高度

表　記 読みと意味
RADAT 87045 Relative humidity 87 percent, only crossing of Zero degrees Celsius isotherm was Four thousand five hundred MSL.
RADAT 87L024105 Relative humidity 87 percent at the Lowest crossing of Zero degrees Celsius. Two crossings occurred at Two thousand four hundred and One zero thousand five hundred MSL.
RADAT MISG The Sounding terminated below the First crossing of the Zero degree Celsius isotherm. Temperatures were all Above Freezing.
RADAT ZERO The entire Sounding was below Zero degrees Celsius.


高度計規正

表　記 読みと意味
A2989 Altimeter Two niner eight niner.
A3001 Altimeter Three zero zero one.
A3025 Altimeter Three zero two five.


気圧変化傾向

表　記 読みと意味
PRESFR Pressure Falling Rapidly.
PRESRR Pressure Rising Rapidly.


天気略号

付帯条件 天気現象
強度・周辺現象 特性 降水現象 視程障害現象 その他の現象
- Light MI Shallow DZ Drizzle BR Mist PO Well-developed Dust/Sand Whirls
空白 Moderate BC Patchy RA Rain FG Fog SQ Squalls
+ Heavy DR Low Drifting SN Snow FU Smoke FC
+FC		 Funnel Cloud,
Tornado or Waterspout
++ Very Heavy BL Blowing SG Snow Grains DU Dust SS Sandstorm
X Intense SH Showers IC Ice Crystals SA Sand DS Duststorm
XX Extreme TS Thunderstorm PE Ice Pellets HZ Haze 　 　
VC In the Vicinity FZ Freezing GR Hail PY Spray 　 　
U Unknown PR Partial GS Small Hail or Snow Pellets (<1/4") VA Volcanic Ash 　 　
　 　 　 　 UP Unknown Precipitation ※1 　 　 　 　
※1 Automated stations only.


天気現象

表　記 読みと意味
BLSN Blowing SNOW
-FZRAPE Light Freezing Rain, Ice Pellets
FZRA Freezing Rain
FZDZ Freezing Drizzle
MIFG Shallow Fog
-SHRA Light Rain Showers
SHRA Rain Showers
SHSN Snow Showers
TSRA Thunderstorm, Rain
+TSRA Tunderstorm, Heavy Rain(Showers) ※1
+TSRAGR Thunderstorm, Heavy Rain, Hail
VCSH Showers in the vicinity
BCFG S Patchy Fog South.
DUST DEVILS NW Dust Devils Northwest.
FG DSIPTG Fog Dissipating.
FU DRFTG OVR FLD Smoke Drifting Over Field.
FUOCTY Smoke Over City.
GR 2 Hailstones Two inches in Diameter.
INTMT -RA Intermittent Light Rain.
OCNL LTG DSNT NW Occasional Lightning Distant Northwest.
OCNL SHRA Occasional Moderate Rain Showers.
-RA OCNLY +RA Light Rain Occasionally Heavy.
RAB30 Rain Began at Three zero.
SNB15E40 Snow Began at One five, Ended at Four zero.
SNINCR 5/10 Snow Increase Five inches during past hour, Ten inches on the Ground.
TS OHD MOV E Thunderstorm Overhead, Moving East.
TS W MOV E FRQ LTGCG Thunderstorm West Moving East, Frequent Lightning Cloud to Ground.
UNCONFIRMED TORNADO 15W OKC MOV NE 2015 Unconfirmed Tornado One five West of Oklahoma City, moving Northeast Sighted at Two zero One five Zulu.
WET SN Wet Snow.


雲

表　記 読みと意味
CIG 005V010 Ceiling Variable between Five hundred and One thousand.
CIG 020 RY11 Ceiling Two thousand at Runway One one.
CB N MOV E Cumulonimbus North Moving East.
CBMAM DSNT S Cumulonimbus Mammatus Distant South.
CLDS TPG MT SW Clouds Topping Mountain Southwest.
CONTRAILS N FL420 Condensation Trails North at Flight level Four two zero.
FRQ LTG VC Frequent Lightning in the vicinity.
LWR CLDS NE Lower clouds Northeast.
OCNL LTGICCG NW Occasional Lightning in cloud and Cloud to Ground Northwest.
RDGS OBSCD W-N Ridges Obscured West through North.


雲　高

表　記 読みと意味
000 ※1 Zero
003 Three hundred
018 One thousand eight hundred
200 Two zero thousand
※1 Spoken as Zero only when used with VV.


雲量・シーリング

表　記 読みと意味
SKC CLEAR
SCT (height) SCATTERED
BKN (height) BROKEN
OVC (height) OVERCAST
CLR ※1 CLEAR below One two thousand
FEW FEW Clouds at (height)
BKN000(+Remarks)※2 Sky Partially Obscured
BKN000(+No Remark)※3 Ceiling less than Five zero BROKEN
SCT000(+Remarks)※2 Sky Partially Obscured
SCT000(+No Remark)※3 Less than Five zero SCATTERED
FEW000 (+Remarks)※2 Sky Partially Obscured
FEW000(+No Remark)※3 FEW Clouds at less than Five zero
(lowest layer aloft) BKN/OVC (precede with) Ceiling
VV Indefinite Ceiling
BKN000 BKN010 BKN050 RMK FG BKN000 Sky Partially Obscured, Ceiling One thousand BROKEN, Five thousand BROKEN. Fog Obscuring Five To Seven-eights of the sky.
BKN010 Ceiling One thousand BROKEN.
SCT000 SCT020 OVC035 RMK FG SCT000 Sky Partially Obscured, Two thousand SCATTERED, Ceiling Three thousand five hundred OVERCAST. Fog Obscuring Three to Four-eights of the sky.
SCT020 OVC250 Two thousand SCATTERED, Ceiling Two five thousand OVERCAST.
VV000 Indefinite Ceiling Zero.
VV012 Indefinite Ceiling One thousand two hundred.
※1 Automated weather reports.
※2 Surface-based obscurations. Requires remarks, i.e. RMK FG SCT000, FU BKN000, etc.
※3 No remark means the layer is aloft.


視　程

表　記 読みと意味
0SM Visibility Zero.
1/16SM Visibility One sixteenth.
1/8SM Visibility One eighth.
M1/4SM Visibility less than One quarter.
3/4SM Visibility Three quarters.
1 1/2SM Visibility One and one-half.
8SM Visibility Eight.
25SM Visibility Two five.


地上視程

表　記 読みと意味
SFC VIS 1/2 Surface Visibility One-half.
SFC VIS 15 TWRINC Surface Visibility One five, Tower in clouds.
TWR VIS 3/4 Tower Visibility Three-quarters.
VIS S 1 W 1/4 Visibility South One, West One-quarter.
VIS 1V3 Visibility Variable between One and Three.


滑走路視距離

表　記 読みと意味
R16/M0600FT Runway One Six Runway Visual Range less than Six hundred. Or Runway One Six R-V-R less than Six hundred.
R36L/M0600V2500FT Runway Three Six Left, R-V-R variable between less than Six hundred and Two thousand five hundred. Or Runway Three Six Left Visual Range variable between less than Six hundred and Two thousand five hundred.
R36/P6000FT Runway Three six R-V-R more than Six thousand. Or Runway Three six Visual Range more than Six thousand.
R36VV11/2 Runway Three six, R-V-V One and one-half.
R05LVV1V2 Runway Five Left, R-V-V Variable between One and Two.
R18/2000V3000FT Runway One eight, R-V-R Variable between Two thousand and Three thousand. Or Runway One eight Visual Range Variable between Two thousand and Three thousand.
R26R/2400FT Runway Two six Right Visual Range Two thousand four hundred.


視程障害現象

表　記 読みと意味
BLSN SCT000 Blowing Snow Obscuring Three to Four-eights of the sky.
DU BKN000 Dust Obscuring Five to Seven-eights of the sky.
FG FU FEW000 Fog and Smoke Obscuring One to Two-eights of the sky.
FU SCT020 Smoke Layer Two thousand SCATTERED.
SN BKN000 Snow Obscuring Five to Seven-eights of the sky.


レーダーエコーの位置

表　記 読みと意味
86/40 160/60 262/115 From Four zero East to Six zero Southeast to One one five West of (RADAR site location).
注） 86を90度すなわち東と解釈し、160を同じく180度として南東、262を270度として西と解釈する。


レーダーエコーの帯域

表　記 読みと意味
AREA Area
CELL Single cell
FINE LN Fine line
LN Line
LYR Layer
SPRL BAND AREA Spiral band area


レーダーエコーのトレンド

表　記 読みと意味
- Decreasing
+ Increasing
NC No Change
NEW New Echo
Note: No intensity or trend is assigned for nonliquid precipitation.


レーダーエコーの移動方向・速度

表　記 読みと意味
C3640 Cells Moving South at Four zero.
L2325 Line Moving Northeast at Two five.
注） C36は360度方向からの風によって雷雲セルが南方向へ動いているということ。


レーダーエコーのトップ

表　記 読みと意味
MT350 AT 270/20 Max Top Three five thousand, Two zero miles West of (RADAR site location).


レーダーエコーの天気現象

表　記 読みと意味
A Hail
IP Ice Pellets
L Drizzle
R Rain
RW Rain Showers
S Snow
SW Snow Showers
T Thunderstorm
ZL Freezing Drizzle
ZR Freezing Rain
Note: Symbols used in RAREP's have not been changed to METAR symbology.


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